![]() “There was never a horsefly on the back of a horse, a worm-hole in a table, the peel of a fig squashed on the pavement, which Marcovaldo did not notice and did not reflect upon, observing the changes of the seasons, the longings of his soul and the wretchedness of his existence.” Calvino emphasizes the blinding qualities of select foreign principles, namely, capitalism. The uneducated laborer Marcovaldo, protagonist of “Mushrooms in the City,” was such a “sensitive soul.” His eyes wandered indolently over city life his fascination lay in the quiet marvels of nature. “The wind, entering a town from far away, brings unaccustomed gifts, of which only a few sensitive souls become aware, such as sufferers from hay fever…” Calvino launched his piece by emblematically establishing “gifts” as foreign ideology that was both dangerous and unpleasant to his people. In his enduring short story “Mushrooms in the City,” Calvino symbolically contrasts the dangers of capitalism and the safety of socialism. His tales are perhaps the embodiment of multiple-layer literature. ![]() ![]() He often concealed his controversial governmental views in his written works by his deliciously austere plots and stratal characters. Following World War II, Italo Calvino rose to renown as one of Italy’s most illustrious short-story authors. ![]()
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